![]() ![]() Rettig and Raskin classified the Galeazzi fracture-dislocation according to the radius fracture’s proximity to the DRUJ: Type I 7.5 cm. The AO classification lists the Galeazzi fracture-dislocation as 22-A2.3. There are several classifications for Galeazzi fractures. Lateral view of a left forearm demonstrating disruption of the distal radial ulnar joint. Conclusions: In the presence of a Galeazzi fracture, a reduced/stable DRUJ needs to be critically assessed as more than half of irreducible DRUJs in a Galeazzi fracture-dislocation were missed either pre- or intraoperatively. Irreducible volar dislocations due to entrapment of the ulnar head occurred in 17.6% of cases with no tendon entrapment noted. In a dorsally dislocated DRUJ, a block to reduction in most cases (92.3%) was secondary to entrapment of one or more extensor tendons including the extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor digitorum communis, with the remaining cases blocked by fracture fragments. More than half of the irreducible DRUJ dislocations were not identified intraoperatively. A high-energy mechanism of injury was the root cause in all cases. Results: The age range was 16 to 64 years (mean = 25 years). Methods: A search of the MEDLINE database, OVID database, and PubMed database was employed using the terms “Galeazzi” and “fracture.” Of the 124 articles the search produced, a total of 12 articles and 17 cases of irreducible Galeazzi fracture-dislocations were found. The purpose of this study is to review all cases of irreducible Galeazzi fracture-dislocations reported in the literature to offer guidelines in the diagnosis and management of this rare injury. In rare instances, the reduction of the DRUJ is blocked by interposed structures requiring open reduction of this joint. All rights reserved.Background: Fractures of the radial shaft with disruption of the distal radial ulnar joint (DRUJ) or Galeazzi fractures are treated with reduction of the radius followed by stability assessment of the DRUJ. Further validation of the most detailed system, as well as involvement of surgeons with different levels of training in the framework of clinical routine and research, however, should be considered.Ĭopyright © 2013 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. This new system for scapular glenoid fractures has proved to be sufficiently reliable and accurate when applied by experienced shoulder surgeons. Subsequently, classification of simple F1 fractures resulted in a proportion of 36% of anterior rim fractures, 19% of posterior rim fractures, and 45% of short oblique fractures, with accuracies ranging from 85% to 98%. ![]() Surgeons' accuracy in classifying F1 fractures ranged from 86% to 100% (median, 94%). ![]() The overall median sensitivity and specificity in identifying these fractures were 95% and 93%, respectively. Of 120 scapular fractures, 46 involved the glenoid (38%), with 38 classified as F1 articular rim fractures. Inter-rater reliability was analyzed with κ statistics, and accuracy was estimated by latent class modeling. The last evaluation was conducted on a consecutive collection of 120 scapular fractures documented by both plain radiographs and computed tomography scans including 3-dimensional surface rendering. The AO Scapula Classification Group introduces an appropriate novel system that is presented along with its inter-rater reliability and accuracy.Īn iterative consensus process (involving a series of face-to-face meetings and agreement studies) with an international group of 7 experienced shoulder surgeons was used to specify and evaluate a scapular fracture classification system with a focus on fracture patterns of the glenoid fossa. A comprehensive and reliable scapula classification system involving the glenoid fracture patterns is needed to describe the underlying pathology. Fractures of the glenoid frequently require surgical treatment.
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